Refactoring in Java 21+: Records and Pattern Matching for Readable Code

<h2> Introduction to Legacy Code in Java </h2> <p>For years, Java developers have relied on extensive class hierarchies, multiple type checks using the <code>instanceof</code> operator, and explicit type casting to model data and handle complex conditional structures. This traditional approach not only increases the volume of source code but also introduces latent runtime risks, such as <code>Clas

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